Piani urbanistici e mercato dei diritti edifi catori

La perequazione urbanistica è stata introdotta di recente dai Comuni di Roma e di Milano, oltre che dal legislatore. Questa tecnica, sviluppata con prudenza e con obiettivi perequativi precisi negli Usa, viene interpretata in Italia in modo molto meno accurato e, soprattutto, viene fi nalizzata a obiettivi impropri, di cassa della fi nanza pubblica. La politica rischia di prevalere sull’ottimalità dell’uso del suolo.

Physical models for the motility of malaria parasites

The malaria disease is transmitted by a unicellular parasite that heavily relies on motility throughout its life cycle. We present different modelling approaches to the migration of the most motile form of the malaria parasite, the sporozoite, which is injected into the host skin by a mosquito. Their bent, elongated geometry shapes their trajectories. We first develop a geometrical model for the migration of a single sporozoite in the presence of obstacles. This enables us to trace the complex trajectories observed in vivo back to the structural features of both parasite and environment. Our second model shows that sporozoites can collectively organise in stable whirl-like structures, as observed experimentally in the salivary glands of malaria-infected mosquitos. Thirdly, we adopt a microscopic viewpoint linking the experimentally observed adhesion dynamics of gliding sporozoites with the presence of translational and rotational stochastic friction. Finally, we connect the propulsion system of sporozoites with mechanical cell deformations. Analysing experimental time series of sporozoite speed and curvature we can quantitatively distinguish the components of the gliding machinery. Overall, our physical models explain many essential features of gliding sporozoites and provide predictions that motivate novel experiments

Cambiamenti in atto nell'uso dei Social Media in ambito bancario. I risultati di un'analisi empirica.

Come sta cambiando l'utilizzo dei Social Media nel settore bancario. Confronto tra banche digitali e banche tradizionali

Regional Assessment of Sub-Hourly Annual Rainfall Maxima

The assessment of rainfall extremes at sub-hourly scales is generally hindered by a lack of rainfall data at small timescale resolutions. This study proposes a methodology for assessing mean annual maximum rainfall at the sub-hourly scale by blending historical time series of annual maxima recorded by mechanical stations (operating at hourly scales) up to the end of the past century with newer time series of annual maxima at higher time resolutions recorded by automatic stations installed over the past twenty years. A linear correlation was found at the regional scale between the shape parameter controlling the dependency of rainfall maxima with a duration longer than one hour and the shape parameter of the dependency of rainfall maxima with the durations shorter than one hour. Thanks to this correlation, data recorded at the mechanical stations could be exploited to assess sub-hourly mean annual maxima. The proposed hybrid procedure was verified and was found to provide estimates with an accuracy close to those obtained with the high-resolution data, i.e., our best estimates. Moreover, the proposed procedure outperforms what could be achieved by spatially interpolating the best estimates at those locations where only hourly data are availabl

Assessing Crop Water Requirement and Yield by Combining ERA5-Land Reanalysis Data with CM-SAF Satellite-Based Radiation Data and Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery

The widespread development of Earth Observation (EO) systems and advances in numerical atmospheric modeling have made it possible to use the newest data sources as input for crop–water balance models, thereby improving the crop water requirements (CWR) and yield estimates from the field to the regional scale. Satellite imagery and numerical weather prediction outputs offer high resolution (in time and space) gridded data that can compensate for the paucity of crop parameter field measurements and ground weather observations, as required for assessments of CWR and yield. In this study, the AquaCrop model was used to assess CWR and yield of tomato on a farm in Southern Italy by assimilating Sentinel-2 (S2) canopy cover imagery and using CM-SAF satellite-based radiation data and ERA5-Land reanalysis as forcing weather data. The prediction accuracy was evaluated with field data collected during the irrigation season (April–July) of 2021. Satellite estimates of canopy cover differed from ground observations, with a RMSE of about 11%. CWR and yield predictions were compared with actual data regarding irrigation volumes and harvested yield. The results showed that S2 estimates of crop parameters represent added value, since their assimilation into crop growth models improved CWR and yield estimates. Reliable CWR and yield estimates can be achieved by combining the ERA5-Land and CM-SAF weather databases with S2 imagery for assimilation into the AquaCrop model

Supramolecular spectrally encoded microgels with double strand probes for absolute and direct miRNA fluorescence detection at high sensitivity

We present novel microgels as a particle-based suspension array for direct and absolute microRNA (miRNA) detection. The microgels feature a flexible molecular architecture, antifouling properties, and enhanced sensitivity with a large dynamic range of detection. Specifically, they possess a core-shell molecular architecture with two different fluorescent dyes for multiplex spectral analyses and are endowed with a fluorescent probe for miRNA detection. Encoding and detection fluorescence signals are distinguishable by nonoverlapping emission spectra. Tunable fluorescence probe conjugation and emission confinement on single microgels allow for ultrasensitive miRNA detection. Indeed, the suspension array has high selectivity and sensitivity with absolute quantification, a detection limit of 10(-15) M, a dynamic range from 10(-9) to 10(-15) M, and higher accuracy than qRT-PCR. The antifouling properties of the microgels also permit the direct measurement of miRNAs in serum, without sample pretreatment or target amplification. A multiplexed assay has been tested for a set of miRNAs chosen as cancer biomarkers

Vaginal sampling of amniotic fluid in pPROM: a new technique for early detection of subclinical chorioamnionitis?

n/